Propolis effects in periodontal disease seem to affect coronavirus disease: a meta-analysis

Abstract This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of propolis on the severity of coronavirus disease symptoms by reducing periodontal disease. PubMed, EMBASE, SciELO, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases were systematically searched. Studies have been conducted analyzing propolis's effects on COVID-19 and periodontitis. The study was conducted according to the PRISMA statement and registered in PROSPERO. Risk of Bias (RoB) assessment and meta-analysis of clinical studies were performed (Review Manager 5, Cochrane). The certainty of the evidence was assessed using GradePro (GDT). Studies have shown propolis flavonoids inhibit viral replication in several DNA and RNA viruses, including coronaviruses. Propolis components have an aminopeptidase inhibitor activity that can inhibit the main proteases of SARS viruses and seem to inhibit protein spikes, which are sites of most mutations in SARS-CoV strains. The meta-analysis showed favorable results with the use of propolis on probing depth (95%CI: 0.92; p < 0.001), clinical attachment level (95%CI: 1.48; p < 0.001), gingival index (95%CI: 0.14; p = 0.03), plaque index (95%CI: 0.11; p = 0.23), and blending on probing (95%CI: 0.39; p < 0.001). The antibacterial activity of propolis could be mediated through its direct action on microorganisms or the stimulation of the immune system, activating natural defenses. Thus, propolis inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 as well as its bacterial activity. Treatment with propolis improves general health and facilitates the activation of the immune system against coronavirus.

Exploring online oral health misinformation: a content analysis

Abstract Considering the unfavorable implications of health falsehoods and the lack of dental research into information disorder, this study aimed to identify and characterize online oral health misinformation. A total of 410 websites published in English were retrieved using Google Advanced Search and screened by two independent investigators to compile falsehoods through thematic content analysis. Afterward, 318 pieces of misinformation were consensually divided into four groups concerning their informational interest (G1), financial, psychological, and social interests produced/disseminated by non-dental professionals (G2) or by dental professionals (G3), and political interests (G4). Social media (Facebook and Instagram) and fact-checking tool (Snopes) were also screened to determine the spread of falsehoods by identifying corresponding posts and warnings. As a result, misinformation was mainly associated with gum diseases (12.0%), root canal treatment (11.6%), toothache (10.4%), fluoride (10.4%), and dental caries (9.8%), with a special highlight on recommendations for the usage of natural products, toxicity concerns, and anti-fluoridation propaganda. Additionally, most misinformation was allocated in G3 (41.9%), which presented a statistically higher frequency of financial interests than G4. Finally, falsehoods were considerably identified on Facebook (62.9%) and Instagram (49.4%), especially G3 and G4. Nevertheless, Snopes has debunked only 5.9% of these content items. Therefore, misinformation was predominantly produced or disseminated by dental professionals mainly motivated by financial interests and usually linked to alternative/natural treatments. Although these items were shared on social media, fact-checking agencies seemed to have limited knowledge about their dissemination.

COVID-19 and its relation to pregnancy and neonates: a systematic review / COVID-19 e sua relação com a gravidez e neonatos: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract Objectives: this study systematically reviewed the literature in order to better understand the association among COVID-19, pregnancy and neonates. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, BVS and SCOPUS were assessed, considering the terms: (covid 19 OR covid-19 OR novel coronavirus OR 2019 novel coronavirus OR 2019-nCoV OR sarscov 2 OR sars-cov-2 OR sarscov2 OR sars cov-2) AND (pregnancy OR pregnant OR pregnant women OR gestation OR gestational) AND (infant OR fetal OR neonatal). Thirty full-text were included (408 pregnant women, 11 non-pregnant women and 279 neonates). Results: fever (45.83%) and cough (31.61%) were the main symptoms of COVID-19 during the pregnancy. Low levels of lymphocytes (32.10%), elevated levels of C-reactive protein (32.35%); leukocytosis (29.41%); neutrophil (5.88%); and radiographic alterations on chest CT, x-ray or ultrasound (45.84%) were the main laboratorial findings. Cesarean delivery and preterm were registered in 239 and 49 cases, respectively. Ten neonates tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion: when COVID-19 pneumonia affects women during pregnancy, the symptoms are similar to those experienced by non-pregnant women. In addition, there is still no plausible evidence suggesting vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus from mother to child.

Resumo Objetivos: este estudo revisou sistematicamente a literatura para melhor compreender a associação entre COVID-19, gravidez e neonatos. Métodos: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, BVS e SCOPUS foram acessadas, considerando os termos: (covid 19 OR covid-19 OR novel coronavirus OR 2019 novel coronavirus OR 2019-nCoV OR sarscov 2 OR sars-cov-2 OR sarscov2 OR sars cov-2) AND (pregnancy OR pregnant OR pregnant women OR gestation OR gestational) AND (infant OR fetal OR neonatal). Trinta textos completos foram incluídos (408 gestantes, 11 mulheres nãogestantes e 279 recém-nascidos). Resultados: febre (45,83%) e tosse (31,61%) foram os principais sintomas da COVID-19 durante a gestação. Baixos níveis de linfócitos (32,10%), elevados níveis de proteínas Creativa (32,35%); leucocitose (29,41%); neutrófilo (5,88%); e alterações radiográficas sob tomografia computadorizada de tórax, radiografia ou ultrasom (45,84%) foram os principais achados laboratoriais. Parto por cesárea e prematuridade foram registrados em 239 e 49 casos, respectivamente. Dez recém-nascidos testaram positivo para o virus SARS-CoV-2. Conclusão: quando a pneumonia COVID-19 afeta mulheres durante a gravidez, os sintomas são semelhantes aos experimentados por mulheres não grávidas. Além disso, ainda não há evidências plausíveis que sugiram a transmissão vertical do vírus SARS-CoV-2 de mãe para filho.

Virtual Reality simulator for dental anesthesia training in the inferior alveolar nerve block

Abstract Objectives This study shows the development and validation of a dental anesthesia-training simulator, specifically for the inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB). The system developed provides the tactile sensation of inserting a real needle in a human patient, using Virtual Reality (VR) techniques and a haptic device that can provide a perceived force feedback in the needle insertion task during the anesthesia procedure. Material and Methods To simulate a realistic anesthesia procedure, a Carpule syringe was coupled to a haptic device. The Volere method was used to elicit requirements from users in the Dentistry area; Repeated Measures Two-Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), Tukey post-hoc test and averages for the results' analysis. A questionnaire-based subjective evaluation method was applied to collect information about the simulator, and 26 people participated in the experiments (12 beginners, 12 at intermediate level, and 2 experts). The questionnaire included profile, preferences (number of viewpoints, texture of the objects, and haptic device handler), as well as visual (appearance, scale, and position of objects) and haptic aspects (motion space, tactile sensation, and motion reproduction). Results The visual aspect was considered appropriate and the haptic feedback must be improved, which the users can do by calibrating the virtual tissues' resistance. The evaluation of visual aspects was influenced by the participants' experience, according to ANOVA test (F=15.6, p=0.0002, with p<0.01). The user preferences were the simulator with two viewpoints, objects with texture based on images and the device with a syringe coupled to it. Conclusion The simulation was considered thoroughly satisfactory for the anesthesia training, considering the needle insertion task, which includes the correct insertion point and depth, as well as the perception of tissues resistances during the insertion.

In situ effect of CPP-ACP chewing gum upon erosive enamel loss

Abstract Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) is able to increase salivary calcium and phosphate levels at an acidic pH. Previous studies demonstrated that a CPP-ACP chewing gum was able to enhance the re-hardening of erosion lesions, but could not diminish enamel hardness loss. Therefore, there is no consensus regarding the effectiveness of CPP-ACP on dental erosion. Objective This in situ study investigated the ability of a CPP-ACP chewing gum in preventing erosive enamel loss. Material and Methods: During three experimental crossover phases (one phase per group) of seven days each, eight volunteers wore palatal devices with human enamel blocks. The groups were: GI - Sugar free chewing gum with CPP-ACP; GII - Conventional sugar free chewing gum; and GIII - No chewing gum (control). Erosive challenge was extraorally performed by immersion of the enamel blocks in cola drink (5 min, 4x/day). After each challenge, in groups CPP and No CPP, volunteers chewed one unit of the corresponding chewing gum for 30 minutes. Quantitative analysis of enamel loss was performed by profilometry (µm). Data were analyzed by Repeated-Measures ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). Results The use of chewing gum (CPP and No CPP) resulted in lower erosive enamel loss compared with the control group (p<0.05). CPP-ACP chewing gum (CPP) did not improve the protection against erosive enamel loss compared with conventional chewing gum (No CPP) (p>0.05). Conclusion The CPP-ACP chewing gum was not able to enhance the anti-erosive effect of conventional chewing gum against enamel loss.

3D analysis of effects of primary surgeries in cleft lip/palate children during the first two years of life

Abstract This study aimed at monitoring the maxillary growth of children with cleft lip/palate in the first two years of life, and to evaluate the effects of primary surgeries on dental arch dimensions. The sample consisted of the three-dimensional digital models of 25 subjects with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and 29 subjects with isolated cleft palate (CP). Maxillary arch dimensions were measured at 3 months (before lip repair), 1 year (before palate repair), and at 2 years of age. Student’s ttest was used for comparison between the groups. Repeated measures ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test was used to compare different treatment phases in the UCLP group. Paired ttest was used to compare different treatment phases in the CP group. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Decreased intercanine distance and anterior arch length were observed after lip repair in UCLP. After palate repair, maxillary dimensions increased significantly, except for the intercanine distance in UCLP and the intertuberosity distance in both groups. At the time of palate repair and at two years of age, the maxillary dimensions were very similar in both groups. It can be concluded that the maxillary arches of children with UCLP and CP changed as a result of primary surgery.

Relação entre tempo de aleitamento materno, hábitos bucais deletérios e cárie dentária em bebês / The relationship between breastfeeding duration, deleterious oral habits, and dental caries in babies

A associação entre amamentação materna e cárie dentária é controversa. O presente estudo avaliou a experiência de cárie dentária entre bebês exclusivamente amamentados pelo seio materno ou pelo uso complementar de métodos artificiais auxiliares. Dados demográficos, valores do índice ceod, tempo de aleitamento materno e diagnóstico de hábitos bucais deletérios de sucção foram coletados dos prontuários clínicos-odontológicos de 299 bebês. Valores de P < 0,05 foram considerados para diferenças estatisticamente significantes. Os resultados demonstraram um significativo aumento da experiência de cárie dentária entre os bebês amamentados exclusivamente pelo seio materno. A média do tempo de aleitamento materno foi maior entre bebês com diagnóstico de cárie precoce da infância (CPI) (14,7±8,7 meses) quando comparado com bebês sem diagnóstico de CPI (8,3±6,8 meses) (P<0,001). Entretanto, bebês que desenvolveram hábitos bucais deletérios foram amamentados por menos tempo. O aleitamento materno deve ser estimulado, pois é capaz de prevenir infecções, mortalidade infantil, respiração bucal e hábitos bucais deletérios, além de favorecer o estabelecimento do vínculo emocional entre mãe e flho. Entretanto, o maior risco de lesões de cárie dentária deve determinar atenção especial da equipe de saúde da família em relação à manutenção das condições adequadas da saúde bucal dos bebês

The association between breastfeeding and dental caries is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the experience of dental caries among exclusively breastfed infants and non-exclusively breastfed infants. Demographic data, dmft index scores, breastfeeding duration, and diagnosis of deleterious oral sucking habits were collected from 299 patient records of the Clinic of Babies of Cuiabá School of Dentistry. Statistical differences were considered to be signifcant with P values < 0.05. The results demonstrated a signifcant increase of experience of dental caries among exclusively breastfed infants. The mean of breastfeeding duration in infants with early childhood caries (ECC) diagnosis (14,7±8,7 months) was higher than those infants without ECC diagnosis (8,3±6,8 months) (P<0,001). The breastfeeding needs to be continuously estimulated because it prevents infections, infant mortality, oral breathing, deleterious oral sucking habits, besides favoring the maternal bonding. Higher risks of dental caries lesions among infants breastfed for longer, however, must lead family health teams to a special focus on the maintenance of good conditions of infants' oral health

A Two-Year Clinical Evaluation of Fluoride and Non-Fluoride Resin-Based Pit-and-Fissure Sealants

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare for 24 months, the retention and surface characteristics of two pit-and-fissure sealants: Helioseal Clear and Helioseal F (Ivoclar Vivadent). The correlation between the different stages of eruption and sealant retention was also verified. Fifty children aged 6 to 8 years participated in the study, totalizing 153 teeth divided into two groups: HC (Helioseal Clear) and HF (Helioseal F). After 6, 12, 18 and 24 months, a clinical examination was performed by previously calibrated examiners. The surface characteristics and the retention of the sealants (modified RYGE & SNYDER criteria) were assessed. Analyzing the occlusal surface, HC exhibited a statistically significant higher retention at 12 (p=0.0345) and 24 months (p=0.0076). Concerning the surface characteristics, only the superficial discoloration of HC was smaller than HF, during the entire studied period. For all the other characteristics, the results of the Mann-Whitney test were highly significant at different periods (p=0.0000 to 0.0421). The frequency of air bubbles within the sealant surfaces, determined by Chi-square test, was significantly higher in HF (p=0.000:12 and 18 months to p=0.002: 6 and 24 months). HC sealant material exhibited the best performance regarding the retention and surface characteristics on the occlusal surface.

Resumo Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar e comparar por 24 meses, a retenção e as características superficiais de dois diferentes materiais seladores, Helioseal Clear e Helioseal F(Ivoclar Vivadent). A correlação entre os diferentes graus de erupção e a retenção dos selantes também foram verificadas. Cinquenta crianças de 6 a 8 anos de idade participaram deste estudo, totalizando de 153 dentes divididos em dois grupos: HC (Helioseal Clear) e HF (Helioseal F). Após 6, 12, 18 e 24 meses, avaliação clínica foi realizada por dois examinadores calibrados. As caracterísiticas superficiais e a retenção (critério modificado de Ryge &Snyder) foram avaliadas. A análise da superfície oclusal, o HC demostrou retenção estatisticamente significante maior para os 12 meses (p=0,0345) e 24 meses (p=0,0076). Em relação às características superficiais, somente para descoloração superficial, o HC foi menor que do HF, durante o período estudado. Para as demais características, os resultados do teste de Mann-Whitney foram altamente significantes para HC em diferentes períodos (p=0,0000 a 0,0421). A frequência de bolhas nas superfícies seladas, determinada pelo teste do Qui-quadrado, foi maior e mais significante no HF (p=0,000:12 e 18 meses a p=0,002: 6 e 24 meses). O selante HC apresentou melhor desempenho à retenção e características superficiais.

Fatores etiológicos do bruxismo do sono: revisão de literatura / Etiology of sleep bruxism: literature review

Inúmeros estudos trazem o bruxismo como tema central, relacionando-o com vários distúrbios, tais como problemas dentários, problemas do sono, dores de cabeça e nos músculos da face. Para compreendermos profundamente essa atividade muscular que o bruxismo provoca, temos que compreender seus fatores etiológicos. Porém, o bruxismo é multifatorial e alguns estudos têm demonstrado quais fatores estão comumente associados a ele. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar uma revisão de literatura, analisando quais fatores etiológicos são mais comumente citados em estudos sobre o bruxismo do sono

Studies having bruxism as main theme relate it to many disturbs, such as dental problems, sleep problems, headaches and facial muscle pain. The etiology is important to deeply understand the muscular activities originated by the bruxism. However, bruxism is multifactorial and some common factors are often associated. The purpose of this study is to make a literature review that analyzes which etiological factors are more often reported in sleep bruxism studies

Tracionamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico de incisivo superior impactado associado a odontoma: relato de caso clínico / Surgical-orthodontic traction of an impacted maxillary incisor associated with odontoma: a case report

A impacção de incisivos superiores na fase de dentição mista, além de ser um desafio clínico, é uma má oclusão que preocupa os pais e as crianças, haja vista que afeta a estética do sorriso. Nesses casos, o diagnóstico precoce e o tratamento adequado são importantes para a melhor resolução do problema, tanto do ponto de vista funcional quanto psicológico. Um dos fatores etiológicos da impacção dentária é a presença de odontoma no trajeto de erupção do dente permanente. O tratamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico dessa má oclusão promove a erupção, posicionamento e estabilização do dente retido, além da remoção da patologia. Dessa maneira, o objetivo do presente estudo é apresentar um relato de caso clínico da remoção cirúrgica de odontoma e tracionamento do incisivo retido, com a utilização de aparelho ortodôntico removível. O aparelho foi utilizado de início para proporcionar abertura de espaço necessária à erupção do dente retido, sendo, depois, utilizado para tracioná-lo e posicioná-lo adequadamente na arcada. Os procedimentos adotados mostraram-se uma alternativa eficiente para o tratamento de dentes impactados, além de apresentarem baixo custo e boa aplicabilidade.

Rare case of bilateral gemination in deciduous teeth / Un caso infrecuente de geminación bilateral en dientes temporales

Gemination in bilateral mandibular primary teeth is a rare anomaly. This kind of anomaly features two crowns totally or partially separated, but only one root and one root canal. At intraoral clinical examination of children we found different anatomy of mandibular primary canines with two partially separated crowns. The radiographic exams showed geminated teeth. After 3-years of follow-up, the cone beam computed tomography showed the absence of the mandibular permanent lateral incisors and the aspect of normality of the permanent canines germs. Although the gemination in primary teeth itself is considered as a harmless anomaly, its presence could indicate the occurrence of some dental anomaly in the permanent dentition. To the best of our knowledge, this is the only case of bilateral mandibular geminated deciduous teeth after 3 years of follow-up. Therefore, we highlight the importance of the early diagnosis and follow-up of this anomaly until the eruption of the permanent dentition.

La geminación dientes temporales mandibulares bilateralmente es una anomalía poco frecuente. Este tipo de anomalía presenta dos coronas total o parcialmente separadas, pero solo una raíz y un canal radicular. Al examen clínico intraoral de los niños encontramos la variación anatómica de los caninos temporales mandibulares con dos coronas parcialmente separadas. Los exámenes radiográficos mostraron los dientes geminados. Después de 3 años de seguimiento, la tomografía computarizada Cone-Beam mostró la agenesia de los incisivos laterales permanentes mandibulares y el aspecto de normalidad de los gérmenes de los caninos permanentes. Aunque la geminación en dientes primarios se considera como una anomalía no patológica, su presencia puede indicar la presencia de alguna anomalía dental en la dentición permanente. Según nuestro nuestro conocimiento, este es el único caso de dientes temporales geminados mandibulares bilateralmente tras 3 años de seguimiento. Se destaca la importancia del diagnóstico precoz y el seguimiento de esta anomalía hasta la erupción de la dentición permanente.

Oral antibacterial effect of chlorhexidine treatments and professional prophylaxis in children

Aim: The primary aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate additional effects of 4-weekchlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) gel treatments to control Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitanscounts in children after professional dental prophylaxis. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcusmutans counts were also determined to evaluate the secondary effects of anti-plaque treatments onmicrobial shifts. Methods: Twenty-six children with A. actinomycetemcomitans counts >4 log10/mL of saliva and/or Quigley-Hein plaque index >3.0 were enrolled in this study. Patients wererandomly assigned to groups GI (placebo gel), GII (0.5% CHX gel), GIII (1% CHX gel), and GIV(2% CHX gel). Four sessions of treatment were performed during 4 weeks after a session ofprofessional dental prophylaxis. Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used todetermine viable microorganism counts in non-stimulated whole saliva samples collected atbaseline, one week, one month and three months after interruption of treatments. Results: Areduction of all bacterial counts was detected after the 3-month follow-up in all groups. Lowercounts of P. gingivalis were achieved from 1 week on after treatments. The 2% CHX concentrationseemed to contribute to lower A. actinomycetemcomitans levels and increase S. mutans levels.Conclusions: Professional dental prophylaxis was effective to control salivary levels of A.actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and S. mutans. Additional antimicrobial effects, however,were not observed by the combination of professional dental prophylaxis and 4-week chlorhexidinegel treatments.

Terapia pulpar em dentes decíduos: possibilidades terapêuticas baseadas em evidências / Pulp therapy in deciduous teeth: therapeutic possibilities based on evidences

Introdução: A pulpotomia em dentes decíduos é uma técnica conservadora de terapia pulpar amplamente utilizada em Odontopediatria, sendo de fundamental importância para evitar a perda prematura desses dentes, quer seja por alterações provocadas pela cárie dentária ou traumatismo dentário. Apesar de ser uma técnica estudada há muitos anos, causa muitas controvérsias e discussões, principalmente em termos de biocompatibilidade dos medicamentos empregados e pelas dificuldades e falhas no diagnóstico da condição pulpar. Objetivo: Por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, no período compreendido entre 2000 e 2011, e com enfoque em estudos clínicos randomizados, revisões sistemáticas e meta-análises, este trabalho teve como objetivo discutir, com base em evidências científicas, alternativas para o tratamento de pulpotomia em dentes decíduos humanos. Conclusão: As evidências científicas fidedignas com o uso de materiais capeadores pulpares e as técnicas de Eletrocirurgia e Laser de Baixa Potência foram escassas. Desta forma, sugere-se a realização de estudos complementares bem delineados estatisticamente para maiores esclarecimentos. As informações geradas em tais experimentos poderão contribuir para um melhor entendimento dos mecanismos da terapia pulpar, podendo gerar o desenvolvimento de protocolos com novas formas terapêuticas, que visam a melhorar a terapia pulpar em dentes decíduos.

Introduction: Pulpotomy of primary teeth has been the treatment of choice in cases of inflammation of the coronal pulp caused by caries or trauma with no involvement of the radicular pulp, thus avoiding the premature loss of the teeth. Not only is the diagnosis of the inflamed dental pulp required for this therapy to succeed, but also the selection of an effective and biocompatible medicament. However, none of the drugs available and recommended for pulpotomy therapy present all the requirements of an ideal pulp capping agent. Objective: Through a systematic literature review, between the years of 2000 and 2011, focusing in randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews and meta-analysis, aiming to analyze and discuss based on alternatives for the treatment of pulpotomy in human deciduous teeth. Conclusion: Scientific evidences showed that the medicaments and techniques influence were few. Thus, further and well-designed studies are suggested for clarification. The information generated in such experiments may contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of pulp therapy to new therapeutic approaches aimed at improving pulp therapy in deciduous teeth.

Efeito de diferentes gomas de mascar sobre o pH salivar de crianças / Effect of different chewing gum brands on the salivary pH of children

Objetivo: avaliar o efeito de diferentes gomas de mascar sobre o pH salivar de crianças em dentadura decídua.Métodos: foram selecionadas 40 crianças e divididas em quatro grupos: controle (sem goma de mascar), goma de mascar sem açúcar, goma demascar com fosfopeptídeo de caseína û fosfato de cálcio amorfo e goma de mascar com xilitol. Após a escovação dentária supervisionada para estabilização do pH bucal foi realizada a primeira coleta de saliva. Após isso, todas as crianças foram instruídas a beberem lentamente 100 mL de refrigerante à base de cola (Coca-Cola®), e após 10 min foi realizada nova coleta. Logo após, cada grupo fez uso de sua goma de mascar durante 5 min e a descartou, sendo coletada saliva novamente em intervalos de 5, 10 e 15 min após o início do uso da goma. Os métodos utilizados para leitura do pH salivar foram fitas colorimétricas e pH-metro digital. O tratamento estatístico dos dados foi feito por meio da Análise de Variância (Anova) e teste de Tukey com nível de significância de 95%. Resultados: o uso de gomas de mascar acelerou a elevação do pH salivar em níveis bastante alcalinos após o consumo de bebida ácida, principalmente nos primeiros minutos. Os níveis mais elevados foram encontrados nos grupos que utilizaram gomas contendo xilitol e fosfopeptídeo de caseína û fosfato de cálcio amorfo. Conclusão: o uso de gomas de mascar após a ingestão de bebida ácida elevou o pH salivar, sendo que os grupos que utilizaram gomas com fosfopeptídeo de caseína û fosfato de cálcio amorfo e xilitol em sua composição apresentaram os melhores resultados...

Objective: To evaluate the effect of different chewing gum brands on the salivary pH of children with primary dentition. Method: Forty children were selected and assigned to four groups: control (no chewing gum); sugarless chewing gum; chewing gum with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate; and chewing gum with xylitol. The first saliva collection was made after supervised tooth brushing for stabilization of the oral pH. Next, all children were instructed to drink slowly 100 mL of a cola-based soft drink (Coca-Cola®) and a new saliva collection was made 10 min later. Then, each group chewed on the chewing gum for 5 min and discarded it after this time. Saliva was collected again at 5, 10 and 15 min intervals after start using the chewing gum. Measurement of salivary pH was made with colorimetric test papers and a digital pH-meter. Data were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance and Tukey?s test at a 5% significance level. Results: The use of chewing gums accelerated the increase of salivary pH to considerably alkaline levels after consumption of an acidic beverage, especially within the first minutes. The highest levels were obtained in the groups of children that used chewing gums containing xylitol and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate. Conclusion: Children that used the chewing gums after ingestion of an acidic soft drink presented an increase in salivary pH, with the best results in the groups that used chewing gums containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate and xylitol...

Surgical excision of mucocele with local anesthesia in an 8-month-old baby / Excisão cirúrgica de mucocele sob anestesia local em um bebê de 8 meses de idade

Mucoceles are common disorders of the minor salivary glands, occurring specially on the lower lip. Their occurrence in newborn babies has rarely been reported. In addition, the surgical removal of oral lesions in babies has often been performed with general anesthesia, which option is usually related to the patients' ages, irrespective of the lesion's size and the access to anatomic region where it is located. The present report, however, details the treatment of a mucocele excision performed in an 8-month-old baby with local anesthesia. This case illustrates well that knowledge of the lesion and dentist's experience in the attendance of babies is important, as often only conservative treatment with local anesthesia is required. Therefore, clinicians and parents should be reassured that early surgical intervention under local anesthesia will provide a swift and satisfactory resolution to the problem.

Mucocele é uma ocorrência comum nas glândulas salivares menores, que acontece, principalmente, no lábio inferior. Em bebês, tem sido raramente reportada na literatura. Em adição, a remoção cirúrgica de lesões orais em bebês tem sido realizada sob anestesia geral, cuja opção geralmente se refere à idade do paciente, sem ter relação com o tamanho da lesão e o acesso à região anatômica onde está localizada. O presente caso clínico, no entanto, descreve a excisão da mucocele realizada em um bebê de 8 meses de idade, sob anestesia local. Esse caso ilustra bem que o conhecimento da lesão e a experiência do dentista no atendimento de bebês é muito importante, já que somente um tratamento conservador sob anestesia local é necessário. Portanto, clínicos e pais devem ser alertados para o fato de que uma intervenção cirúrgica precoce sob anestesia local irá proporcionar uma resolução rápida e satisfatória do problema.

Tracionamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico de incisivo superior impactado / Surgical-orthodontic traction of impacted maxillary incisor

A impacção de dentes permanentes é um fator prejudicial, do ponto de vista estético e funcional, ao desenvolvimento da oclusão. O diagnóstico é realizado por meio de avaliação clínica e radiográfica, para localizar e estudar o posicionamento intraósseo dos dentes. O tracionamento ortodôntico é uma alternativa em casos de impacção dentária, e tem como finalidade redirecionar a trajetória de erupção, auxiliando — ou até substituindo — a força eruptiva do dente não irrompido. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso clínico de um tracionamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico de um incisivo superior impactado, com trajeto ectópico de erupção. A conduta clínica realizada foi a recuperação de espaço na arcada dentária, seguida do tracionamento ortodôntico-cirúrgico. O diagnóstico precoce da impacção dentária permitiu prevenir a instalação de problemas oclusais, bem como o tratamento adequado levou à recuperação estética e funcional da oclusão.

Reabilitação bucal em odontopediatria: relato de caso clínico / Oral rehabilitation in pediatric dentistry: clinical case report

A Odontologia moderna está voltada para os procedimentos preventivos, mesmo assim a cárie dentária constitui problema frequente na prática clínica odontopediátrica, sendo responsável por destruições coronárias extensas e tratamentos reabilitadores diversos. Nesses casos, o uso de aparelhos protéticos seria o tratamento indicado com a finalidade de restaurar a função mastigatória, normalizar a fonação, a estética, e possibilitar ajuste social e emocional do paciente. Este estudo relata um caso de reabilitação estético-funcional de um paciente de 5 anos de idade. Foi realizada exodontia do segundo molar decíduo superior direito, restauração de elementos superiores e inferiores remanescentes, confecção de coroas de aço nos molares inferiores, controle da cárie e um aparelho protético foi confeccionado para o paciente. O plano de tratamento permitiu restabelecer a função mastigatória, melhorar a fonética e estética da criança, bem como resultou na satisfação, demonstrada pelo paciente e seus familiares

The Modern dentistry is focused on the preventive procedures, even thus dental caries is a frequent problem in Pediatric Dentistry clinical practice, being responsible for extensive dental and coronal destructions and various rehabilitation treatments. In these cases, the use of prosthetic appliances on the treatment would be indicated in order to restore the masticatory function, normalize the speech, aesthetics, and provides social and emotional adjustment of the patient. This case reports a aesthetic-rehabilitation functioning of a 5 years-old patient. We performed extraction of the upper right second deciduous molar, upper and restoration less remaining, making steel crowns on molars, caries control and a prosthetic device was fabricated for the patient. The treatment plan allowed restore chewing function, improve phonetics and aesthetics of the child and resulted in satisfaction, demonstrated by patients and their relatives

Pulp tissue from primary teeth: new source of stem cells

SHED (stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth) represent a population of postnatal stem cells capable of extensive proliferation and multipotential differentiation. Primary teeth may be an ideal source of postnatal stem cells to regenerate tooth structures and bone, and possibly to treat neural tissue injury or degenerative diseases. SHED are highly proliferative cells derived from an accessible tissue source, and therefore hold potential for providing enough cells for clinical applications. In this review, we describe the current knowledge about dental pulp stem cells and discuss tissue engineering approaches that use SHED to replace irreversibly inflamed or necrotic pulps with a healthy and functionally competent tissue that is capable of forming new dentin.

Uso da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico em odontopediatria: relato de casos / Use of cone beam computed tomography in pediatric dentistry: case reports

Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico é uma técnica de aquisição de imagens queoferece diversas vantagens na prática clínica odontológica por produzir imagens tridimensionais da região dentomaxilofacial. Em Odontopediatria, a avaliação de estruturas em diferentes planos é necessária especialmente em casos complexos, nos quais as radiografias convencionais não fornecem com exatidão informações importantes. O presente estudo tem como objetivo relatar três casos clínicos de diferentes alterações buco-dentárias em que a utilização da Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico auxiliou na determinação de um correto diagnóstico e definição de um plano de tratamento adequado.

Cone Beam Computed Tomography is a technique that offers many advantages in dentistry because it produces three-dimensional imaging of the dentomaxillofacial structures. In pediatric dentistry, the need to evaluate structures in different planes is noticed especially in complex cases, in which conventional radiographs do not show, in an accurate way, some important information. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to report three cases of different alterations which the use of Cone Beam Computed Tomography helped us for correct diagnosis and adequate treatment planning.

Uso de Ponta Diamantada Cvdentus para Preparo Cavitário em Dentes Decíduos: Estudo In Vivo / The Use of CVD Diamond Burs for Cavity Preparations in Primary Teeth: In Vivo Study

Objetivo: Comparar o uso de brocas convencionais usadas em micromotor e pontas diamantadas CVDentUS®para remoção de tecido cariado e realização do preparo cavitário, além de avaliar o comportamento das crianças durante o tratamento odontológico.Método: Foram selecionados para amostra 22 crianças de 36 a 60 meses, com atividade de cárie, apresentando no mínimo um molar decíduo com lesão de cárie ativa na superfície oclusal. Das 22 crianças, 60 molares decíduos com lesões de cárie incipiente fizeram parte da amostra selecionada para o estudo. A remoção do tecido cariado, o preparo cavitário e a restauração foram realizados em uma única sessão, sem anestesia local e sob isolamento relativo. Para a realização do preparo cavitário foram empregados dois tipos de sistemas: uma ponta diamantada CVDentUS®ou uma broca carbide. O critério de escolha do instrumental a ser utilizado em cada dente selecionado foi aleatório. Finalizado o preparo cavitário, os dentes foram restaurados com cimento de ionômero de vidro convencional. Para determinar o desempenho clínico de cada sistema, após cada sessão, os parâmetros visualização da área de trabalho (VAT), acesso á cavidade (AC), remoção do tecido cariado (RTC), e ruído e vibração (RV) foram avaliados pelo operador através dos escores: 1 û ruim, 2 û regular e 3 ûbom. Após o término de cada sessão, o comportamento das crianças (C) também foi avaliado.Resultados: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante para o critério AC, entre os dois sistemas (p= 0,1033). Para os demais critérios, o CVDentUS® foi superior na VAT (p= 0,0001) e no RV (p= 0,0001), enquanto o Micromotor foi superior no RTC (p= 0,0265) e no C (p= 0,0169).Conclusão: O sistema CVDentUS® parece ser uma alternativa promissora, no entanto, são necessários estudos com amostras maiores para confirmar as características satisfatórias do sistema CVDentUS®

Objective: This study aims to compare the use of conventional handpiece and diamond burs CVDentus® system (CVD) for cavity preparation in children, evaluating their clinical performance and behavior during dental treatment. Method: The sample was selected with 22 children from 36 to 60 months with incipient caries on the occlusal surface of primary teeth. Of the 22 children, 60 primary molars with incipient caries lesions were part of the sample. The caries removal, cavity preparation and restoration were performed in a single session, without local anesthesia and under relative isolation. For the cavity preparation was used two types of systems: CVD or carbide bur. The teeth were restored with glass ionomer cement conventional after completed cavity preparation. The clinical performance of each system was determined, after each session, through the scores: 1 - poor 2 - and 3 regular û good to accessing the cavity, working area view, noise and vibration and removal of carious tissue. After the each session, the behavior of children was also analyzed. Results: No significant statistical difference was identified for accessing the cavity between the two systems (CVDentus® system and handpiece) (p = 0.1033). The CVD regarding the working area view (p = 0.0001), noise and vibration (p = 0.0001) was better than the handpiece, whilst the handpiece was better than CVDentus® system for removal of carious tissue (p = 0.0265) and behavior of the child (p = 0.0169). Conclusion: The CVD seems to be a promising alternative, however, further studies are needed in order to clarify aspects in the CVDentus® system